General Reference
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- *Bacharach, J.L., A Middle East Studies Handbook. Seattle & London: University of Washington Press, 1984.
- Kabir, B.b.M.H., A Guide to Islamic Names. Mecca: Safa Press, 1990.
- Various, Encyclopaedia Iranica Online: http:// www.iranica.com (13th February 2009).
- Various, The Encyclopaedia of Islam. 1st Edition, 4 vols. and Supplement. Leiden: E.J. Brill & London: Luzac & Co., 1913–38.
- Various, The Encyclopaedia of Islam. New Edition, 12 vols. and Supplements. Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1979–2009.
- Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Main_Page (13th February 2009).